A W3C Recommendation is the final stage of a ratification Ratification is the approval by the principal of an act of its agent where the agent lacked authority to legally bind the principal. The term applies to private contract law, international treaties, and constitutionals in federations such as the United States and Canada process of the World Wide Web Consortium The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3) (W3C) working group concerning the standard A technical standard is an established norm or requirement. It is usually a formal document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices. In contrast, a custom, convention, company product, corporate standard, etc. which becomes generally accepted and dominant is often called a de facto standard. This designation signifies that a document has been subjected to a public and W3C-member organization's review[1]. It aims to standardise the Web technology[2]. It is the equivalent of a published standard A technical standard is an established norm or requirement. It is usually a formal document that establishes uniform engineering or technical criteria, methods, processes and practices. In contrast, a custom, convention, company product, corporate standard, etc. which becomes generally accepted and dominant is often called a de facto standard in many other industries.
Standard Maturation
In accord with the W3C Process Document, a Recommendation progresses through several maturity levels.
Working Draft (WD)
At the working draft level, the standard is published for review by "the community". A WD document is the first form of a standard that is publicly available. Commentary by virtually anyone is accepted, though no promises are made with regard to action on any particular element of said commentary.
At this stage, the standard document may likely have significant differences from its final form. As such, any who implement WD standards should be ready to significantly modify their implementations as the standard matures.
Candidate Recommendation (CR)
A candidate recommendation is a version of the standard that is more firm than the WD. At this point, the group responsible for the standard is satisfied that the standard does what is needed of it. The purpose of the CR is to elicit aid from the development community as to how implementable the standard is.
The standard document may change further, but at this point, significant features are mostly locked. The design of those features can still change due to feedback from implementors.
Proposed Recommendation (PR)
A proposed recommendation is the version of the standard that has passed the prior two levels. The users of said standard have had their say, and the implementors of the standard have likewise had a chance at providing input. At this stage, the document has been submitted to the W3C Advisory Council for final approval.
While this step is important, it rarely causes any significant changes to a standard as it passes to the next phase.
W3C Recommendation (REC)
This is the most mature stage of development. At this point, the standard has undergone extensive review and testing, under both theoretical and practical conditions. This standard is now endorsed by the W3C as a standard for wide deployment in its problem domain.
Later Revisions
Main article:
World Wide Web Consortium The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3)
A Recommendation may be updated by separately-published Errata until enough substantial edits accumulate, at which time a new edition of the Recommendation may be produced (e.g., XML is now in its fifth edition). W3C also publishes various kinds of informative Notes which are not intended to be treated as standards.
References
- ^ The designation "W3C Recommendation" signifies that a document has been subjected to a public review and that it has been circulated amongst W3C member organizations for review.
- ^ The W3C technical report development process is the set of steps and requirements followed by W3C Working Groups to standardize Web technology.
External links
| World Wide Web Consortium The World Wide Web Consortium is the main international standards organization for the World Wide Web (abbreviated WWW or W3) |
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Recommendations
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Canonical XML · CDF Compound Document Format is an electronic document file format developed by the W3C that contains multiple formats, such as SVG, XHTML, SMIL and XForms · CSS Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language used to describe the presentation semantics (that is, the look and formatting) of a document written in a markup language. Its most common application is to style web pages written in HTML and XHTML, but the language can also be applied to any kind of XML document, including SVG and XUL · DOM The Document Object Model is a cross-platform and language-independent convention for representing and interacting with objects in HTML, XHTML and XML documents. Aspects of the DOM (such as its "Elements") may be addressed and manipulated within the syntax of the programming language in use. The public interface of a DOM are specified in · HTML HTML, which stands for HyperText Markup Language, is the predominant markup language for web pages. It is written in the form of HTML elements consisting of "tags" surrounded by angle brackets within the web page content · MathML Mathematical Markup Language is an application of XML for describing mathematical notations and capturing both its structure and content. It aims at integrating mathematical formulae into World Wide Web pages and other documents. It is a recommendation of the W3C math working group · OWL The Web Ontology Language is a family of knowledge representation languages for authoring ontologies, and is endorsed by the World Wide Web Consortium. This family of languages is based on two (largely, but not entirely, compatible) semantics: OWL DL and OWL Lite semantics are based on Description Logic, which have attractive and well-understood · P3P The Platform for Privacy Preferences Project, or P3P, is a protocol allowing websites to declare their intended use of information they collect about browsing users. Designed to give users more control of their personal information when browsing, P3P was developed by the World Wide Web Consortium and officially recommended on April 16, 2002 · PLS · RDF The Resource Description Framework is a family of World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) specifications originally designed as a metadata data model. It has come to be used as a general method for conceptual description or modeling of information that is implemented in web resources, using a variety of syntax formats · RDF Schema · SISR · SMIL SMIL , the Synchronized Multimedia Integration Language, is a W3C recommended XML markup language for describing multimedia presentations. It defines markup for timing, layout, animations, visual transitions, and media embedding, among other things. SMIL allows the presentation of media items such as text, images, video, and audio, as well as · SOAP In chemistry, soap is a salt of a fatty acid. Soap is mainly used for washing and cleaning, but soaps are also important components of lubricants · SRGS · SSML Speech Synthesis Markup Language is an XML-based markup language for speech synthesis applications. It is a recommendation of the W3C's voice browser working group. SSML is often embedded in VoiceXML scripts to drive interactive telephony systems. However, it also may be used alone, such as for creating audio books. For desktop applications, other · SVG Scalable Vector Graphics is a family of specifications of an XML-based file format for describing two-dimensional vector graphics, both static and dynamic (i.e. interactive or animated) · SPARQL SPARQL is an RDF query language; its name is a recursive acronym that stands for SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language. It was standardized by the RDF Data Access Working Group (DAWG) of the World Wide Web Consortium, and is considered a key semantic web technology. On 15 January 2008, SPARQL became an official W3C Recommendation · Timed Text Typical applications of timed text are the real time subtitling of foreign-language movies on the Web, captioning for people lacking audio devices or having hearing impairments, karaoke, scrolling news items or teleprompter applications · VoiceXML VoiceXML is the W3C's standard XML format for specifying interactive voice dialogues between a human and a computer. It allows voice applications to be developed and deployed in an analogous way to HTML for visual applications. Just as HTML documents are interpreted by a visual web browser, VoiceXML documents are interpreted by a voice browser. A · WSDL The current version of the specification is 2.0; version 1.1 has not been endorsed by the W3C but version 2.0 is a W3C recommendation. WSDL 1.2 was renamed WSDL 2.0 because of its substantial differences from WSDL 1.1. By accepting binding to all the HTTP request methods WSDL 2.0 specification offers better support for RESTful web services, and is · XForms XForms is an XML format for the specification of a data processing model for XML data and user interface for the XML data, such as web forms. XForms was designed to be the next generation of HTML / XHTML forms, but is generic enough that it can also be used in a standalone manner or with presentation languages other than XHTML to describe a user · XHTML XHTML is a family of XML markup languages that mirror or extend versions of the widely used Hypertext Markup Language (HTML), the language in which web pages are written · XInclude XInclude is a generic mechanism for merging XML documents, by writing inclusion tags in the "main" document to automatically include other documents or parts thereof. The resulting document becomes a single composite XML Information Set. The XInclude mechanism can be used to incorporate content from either XML files or non-XML text files · XLink XML Linking Language, or XLink, is an XML markup language and W3C specification that provides methods for creating internal and external links within XML documents, and associating metadata with those links · XML Extensible Markup Language is a set of rules for encoding documents in machine-readable form. It is defined in the XML 1.0 Specification produced by the W3C, and several other related specifications, all gratis open standards · XML Base XML Base is a World Wide Web Consortium recommended facility for defining base URIs for parts of XML documents · XML Encryption XML Encryption, also known as XML-Enc, is a specification, governed by a W3C recommendation, that defines how to encrypt the contents of an XML element · XML Events In computer science and web development, XML Events is a W3C standard for handling events that occur in an XML document. These events are typically caused by users interacting with the web page using a device such as a web browser on a personal computer or mobile phone · XML Information Set · XML namespace XML namespaces are used for providing uniquely named elements and attributes in an XML document. They are defined in Namespaces in XML, a W3C recommendation. An XML instance may contain element or attribute names from more than one XML vocabulary. If each vocabulary is given a namespace then the ambiguity between identically named elements or · XML Schema XML Schema, published as a W3C recommendation in May 2001, is one of several XML schema languages. It was the first separate schema language for XML to achieve Recommendation status by the W3C. Because of confusion between XML Schema as a specific W3C specification, and the use of the same term to describe schema languages in general, some parts · XML Signature XML Signature defines an XML syntax for digital signatures and is defined in the W3C recommendation XML Signature Syntax and Processing. Functionally, it has much in common with PKCS#7 but is more extensible and geared towards signing XML documents. It is used by various Web technologies such as SOAP, SAML, and others · XPath XPath, the XML Path Language, is a query language for selecting nodes from an XML document. In addition, XPath may be used to compute values from the content of an XML document. XPath was defined by the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) 1.0, 2.0 · XPointer XPointer is divided among four specifications: a "framework" which forms the basis for identifying XML fragments, a positional element addressing scheme, a scheme for namespaces, and a scheme for XPath-based addressing. XPointer Framework is a recommendation since March 2003 · XQuery XQuery is a query and functional programming language that is designed to query collections of XML data · XSL In computing, the term Extensible Stylesheet Language is used to refer to a family of languages used for transforming and rendering XML documents · XSL-FO · XSLT (elements)
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XAdES XAdES is a set of extensions to XML-DSig recommendation making it suitable for advanced electronic signature · XHTML+SMIL
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CCXML · CURIE This is roughly the activity of 1 gram of the radium isotope 226Ra, a substance studied by the pioneers of radiology, Marie and Pierre Curie, for whom the unit was named. The curie has since been replaced by an SI derived unit, the becquerel , which equates to one decay per second. Therefore: · HTML5 HTML5 is currently under development as the next major revision of the HTML standard. Like its immediate predecessors, HTML 4.01 and XHTML 1.1, HTML5 is a standard for structuring and presenting content on the World Wide Web. The new standard incorporates features like video playback and drag-and-drop that have been previously dependent on third- · InkML InkML is an XML-based markup language to describe "ink" data input with an electronic pen or stylus. The working draft specification is maintained by the World Wide Web Consortium · RIF The Rule Interchange Format' is a standard in development within the W3C Semantic Web Activity. When completed, it will be a component of the semantic web, along with (principally) RDF and OWL. Although originally envisioned by many as a "rules layer" for the semantic web, in reality the design of RIF is based on the observation that · SCXML SCXML stands for State Chart XML: State Machine Notation for Control Abstraction. It is an XML-based markup language which provides a generic state-machine based execution environment based on Harel statecharts · sXBL sXBL is a mechanism for defining the presentation and interactive behavior of elements described in a namespace other than SVG's (an XML language supporting vector graphics, user events and scripted behavior). sXBL is very similar to XBL, as it does for SVG documents what XBL does for XUL documents. For example, it is possible to define a generic · WICD · XFDL · XFrames XFrames is an XML format for combining and organizing web based documents together on a single webpage through the use of frames. Similarly to HTML Frames, XFrames can be made useful through its power to create a content frame that is scrollable while other frames - such as sidebar menus, the header and footer remain in place on the page. XFrames · XBL XBL is an XML-based markup language used to declare the behavior and look of XUL-widgets and XML elements · XHTML+MathML+SVG · XMLHttpRequest XMLHttpRequest is an API available in web browser scripting languages such as JavaScript. It is used to send HTTP or HTTPS requests directly to a web server and load the server response data directly back into the script. The data might be received from the server as XML text or as plain text. Data from the response can be used directly to alter · XProc XProc is a W3C Recommendation to define an XML transformation language to define XML Pipelines
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Guidelines
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Web Content Accessibility Guidelines Web Content Accessibility Guidelines are part of a series of Web accessibility guidelines published by the W3C's Web Accessibility Initiative. They consist of a set of guidelines on making content accessible, primarily for disabled users, but also for all user agents, including highly limited devices, such as mobile phones. The current version is 2
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Initiative
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Multimodal Interaction Activity · W3C MVS
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Deprecated
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C-HTML C-HTML , also called i-mode-HTML, is a subset of HTML for small information devices, such as smart phones and PDAs, such as DoCoMo's i-mode mobile phones used in Japan. C-HTML adds several features not found in standard HTML, notably accesskeys, phone number shortcuts for links, and emoji pictorial characters as locally extended Shift JIS, all · HDML · JSSS · PGML · VML
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World Wide Web Foundation · SVG Working Group · WebOnt · W3C Device Description Working Group · WHATWG
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Categories: World Wide Web Consortium standards
